Prevalence and Factors Associated with Diabetes Mellitus Among Screening Camp Attendees, Nyeri County, Kenya, 2016 book for those interested in important by in date 2017 is very good with you if you find book quote . book for those interested in important composed by Kariuki Grace, with page thickness Pages. You can read description bellow
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Introduction: Diabetes is a major cause of Non Communicable diseases (NCD)-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. As at 2014, there were 422 million people living with diabetes, up from 108 million in 1980. It is the eighth leading cause of death, with 1.5 million deaths directly due to diabetes, and an additional 2.2 million deaths attributable to the condition. The prevalence has been rising more rapidly among the middle and low-income countries, as compared to the high income countries. Forty-three per cent of all deaths attributable to diabetes occur before the age of 70 years. In Kenya, it is estimated that 3.1% and 1.9% of people have impaired fasting glycaemia and raised blood glucose respectively. There is scanty data showing the prevalence of diabetes in Nyeri County. The study sought to determine the prevalence and factors associated with raised blood glucose in a subset of the adult population in Nyeri County, Central region of Kenya.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among all the adults who attended a screening camp conducted in Nyeri County in December 2016. We collected sociodemographic characteristics of all the participants. We also took the biometric measurements (weight and height), random capillary blood glucose readings, and the blood pressure. Impaired glucose tolerance/pre-diabetes was defined as random blood sugar (RBS) reading of 7.8-11.0 mmol/L, and elevated blood glucose as RBS above 11 mmol/L. Pre-hypertension was defined as Systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 120-139 mmHg, and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of 80- 89 mmHg, with elevated blood pressure (hypertension) as SBP of u2265140mmHg, and/or DBP of or above 90mmHg. Overweight was defined as body mass index (BMI) of u226525kg/m2, with obesity as BMI of u226530kg/m2. We calculated descriptive statistics, with proportions for categorical variables and median and range for continuous variables. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for association between sex, family history, hypertension and overweight/obesity to diabetes mellitus. Results: We screened a total of 698 participants, of whom 424 (65%) were female, 406 (57%) were aged 30-59 years and 396 (66%) resided in Nyeri Central Constituency of Nyeri County. Median age was 50 years (Q1=37, Q3=65). There were 137(28%) participants who reported a family history of diabetes or hypertension. Of the 361 (53%) participants who were overweight, 150 (22%) were obese. Sixty-one percent (61%) of women were overweight, compared to 29% of men. There were 137(28%) participants who reported a positive family history of diabetes or hypertension. The prevalence of raised blood glucose was 4% (28/698), and 6% (42/698) for impaired glucose tolerance. Sixty-four percent (64%) of those with raised blood glucose were aged 60 years and above. The prevalence of hypertension was 26% (177/694) across both sexes, 30% in men, and 24% in women. The prevalence of stroke was 3.2% among hypertensives, and 1.6% among diabetics. Being overweight (OR 14.24; CI 5.12, 39.62), hypertension (OR 12.20; CI 6.86, 21.71), age u226545 years (OR 5.17; CI 1.50, 17.82) and family history (OR 2.98; CI 1.75, 5.07) were significantly associated with raised blood glucose. Discussion: The prevalence of raised blood glucose and hypertension was higher in this population than the national average (1.9% and 23.8% respectively). Those who were hypertensive, overweight, elderly and had a family history had a higher chance of having raised blood glucose than the rest of members in this population. We recommend a county-wide population-based study to determine the prevalence and risk factors of diabetes mellitus in Nyeri County.
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Diabetes Mellitus Among Screening Camp Attendees, Nyeri County, Kenya, 2016
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